3 Books about Coding Arrays [PDF]

Arrays are the foundation of programming. But what are Arrays? They're lists of things (like numbers or names). For example, we could have an array of students: students = array{"Alice", "Bob", "John"...}. Then we could retrieve each name from the array like this: students[0] => Alice. But why? Otherwise, we'd have to create a separate variable for each student, like student1="Alice", student2="Bob" and if we wanted to print a list of students, we'd have to write the "print" command as many times as there are students. But with an array, we can use a loop and write the command once:

for (i=0; i < 3; i++) {print student[i]}

What are two-dimensional arrays? Let's say we want not just create a list of student names, but have a whole list of parameters for each student (first name, last name, birthday, height). Then we can create a two-dimensional array—an array of arrays. And then we can retrieve each parameter like this: students[0][2]=>23.12.2006. However, this doesn't look very convenient and besides, in many programming languages, you can only store variables of the same type in an array. Therefore, for tasks like a list of students typically used one-dimensional array, containing Objects. Then the parameters are retrieved like this: students[0].birthday

Two-dimensional arrays, however, are perfect for storing matrices. This is very useful, since almost all machine learning and artificial intelligence systems today are based on matrix operations. Arrays allow you to write matrices directly in your code:

matrix = array {
{12, 53, 33},
{54, 22, 54},
{12, 32, 14},
}

and access each matrix element just like in higher mathematics: matrix[i][j], where i is the row number and j is the column number.

Here are some PDF books about arrays in programming:

C++ how to Program
2008 by Paul J. Deitel, Harvey M. Deitel


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C# for Programmers
2005 by Harvey M. Deitel, Paul J. Deitel


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PHP Arrays: Single, Multi-dimensional, Associative and Object Arrays in PHP 7
2016 by Steve Prettyman


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